The Great Pyramid of Giza is located in which country?

• A. Iraq

• B. Egypt

• C. Greece

• D. Mexico

Correct Answer Is Option = Egypt

Notes / Explanation

The Great Pyramid of Giza is located in the country of Egypt, in the northern part of the continent of Africa, and it is one of the most famous and remarkable structures ever built, a monument of the ancient civilisation of Egypt. The pyramids of Egypt are enormous structures built in ancient times, and the Great Pyramid, located at Giza near the capital of the country, is the largest and most famous of them, being one of the largest structures ever built by human beings. The pyramids were built by the ancient civilisation of Egypt, one of the great civilisations of the ancient world, which flourished along a great river in the region and which was remarkable for its achievements in building, art, writing and organisation. The pyramids were built as tombs for the rulers of ancient Egypt, to house their bodies and to serve their needs in the life after death, in which the ancient Egyptians believed, and they were built on an enormous scale, using vast numbers of great blocks of stone, in a remarkable feat of engineering and organisation, especially considering that they were built in ancient times without the machinery of the modern age. The Great Pyramid in particular is an astonishing achievement, built with great precision and on an enormous scale, and it has stood for a very long time, being one of the oldest of the famous wonders of the ancient world and the only one that still survives largely intact. The pyramids are among the most famous monuments in the world, and they attract great numbers of visitors who come to see them and to marvel at the achievement they represent. Near the pyramids stands another famous ancient monument, a great statue with the body of a lion and the head of a human. Egypt itself is a country with a very long and rich history, famous above all for its ancient civilisation and its remarkable monuments. The study of the famous monuments and ancient civilisations of the world is a part of general knowledge and history. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the Great Pyramid of Giza is located in the country of Egypt, in the northern part of Africa, that it is the largest and most famous of the pyramids of Egypt and one of the largest structures ever built, that the pyramids were built by the ancient civilisation of Egypt as tombs for its rulers, on an enormous scale and with great precision, and that the Great Pyramid is one of the oldest of the famous wonders of the ancient world and the only one still surviving largely intact.

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The study of the human mind and behaviour is called?

• A. Sociology

• B. Psychology

• C. Philosophy

• D. Anatomy

Correct Answer Is Option = Psychology

Notes / Explanation

The study of the human mind and behaviour is called psychology, and it is an important field concerned with understanding how the mind works and why people think, feel and behave as they do. Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behaviour, seeking to understand a wide range of matters concerning the mind and the way people act, including how people perceive the world through their senses, how they think, learn, remember and reason, how they feel emotions, what motivates them and drives their behaviour, how their personalities are formed and differ, how they develop and change through the stages of life, how they behave in relation to other people and in groups, and the nature of mental health and mental difficulties. Psychology thus covers a very wide range of topics concerning the mind and behaviour. Those who study psychology are called psychologists, and they seek to understand the mind and behaviour through careful observation, study and, where possible, experiment, applying the methods of science to the study of these matters. The knowledge gained through psychology is applied in many practical ways, including in the understanding and treatment of mental health difficulties, in education and learning, in the workplace, in the understanding of human relationships and behaviour, and in many other areas of life. Psychology is related to, but distinct from, certain other fields; it is concerned particularly with the individual mind and behaviour, while the study of human society and social groups is a related but separate field, and the study of the fundamental questions of existence, knowledge and values is another related but distinct field. Psychology has become an important and widely studied field, contributing to the understanding of human beings and to many practical applications concerned with the mind, behaviour and well-being. The study of the branches of knowledge and their names is a useful part of general knowledge. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the study of the human mind and behaviour is called psychology, that it is the scientific study of the mind and behaviour, covering matters such as perception, thinking, learning, memory, emotion, motivation, personality, development and behaviour in relation to others, that those who study it are called psychologists, and that its knowledge is applied in many areas, including the understanding and treatment of mental health difficulties, education, and the understanding of human behaviour.

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The three primary colours of light are red, green and?

• A. Yellow

• B. Blue

• C. White

• D. Orange

Correct Answer Is Option = Blue

Notes / Explanation

The three primary colours of light are red, green and blue, and from these three colours of light, when combined in various ways, all the other colours of light can be produced. In the study of light and colour, it is found that light can be of different colours, and that white light, such as ordinary daylight, is in fact made up of a mixture of colours, which can be separated, for example when white light passes through a prism or forms a rainbow, showing the range of colours. It is also found that colours can be produced by combining lights of different colours, and that there is a small set of colours of light, called the primary colours of light, from which all the other colours can be made by combining them in various proportions. The three primary colours of light are red, green and blue. By combining these three colours of light in various proportions, a great range of other colours can be produced; for example, combining red and green light produces yellow light, and combining all three of the primary colours together in the right proportions produces white light. This is the basis of the way in which colour is produced in television and computer screens and similar displays, which create all the colours of the picture by combining tiny points of red, green and blue light in various proportions. It is important to note that the primary colours of light, which are combined by adding lights together, are different from the primary colours used in mixing paints and pigments, which work in a different way, because mixing paints involves the taking away of colours from light rather than the adding of lights together, so that the primary colours in the mixing of paints are a different set. The study of light and colour, including the primary colours of light, is a part of the science of physics. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the three primary colours of light are red, green and blue, that by combining these three colours of light in various proportions all the other colours of light can be produced, that combining all three together in the right proportions produces white light, and that this is the basis of the way colour is produced in television and computer screens, while the primary colours of light are different from the primary colours used in mixing paints, which work in a different way.

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The deficiency of which vitamin causes the disease beriberi?

• A. Vitamin A

• B. Vitamin B

• C. Vitamin C

• D. Vitamin D

Correct Answer Is Option = Vitamin B

Notes / Explanation

The deficiency of vitamin B, in particular one of the vitamins of the B group, causes the disease known as beriberi. Vitamins are substances that the body needs in small amounts in order to function properly and to stay healthy, and a lack of a particular vitamin can lead to a particular deficiency disease. The B vitamins are a group of related vitamins, each with its own functions in the body, and they are important for many of the body's processes, including the processes by which the body obtains energy from food and the proper working of the nervous system. The disease beriberi results from a lack of a particular one of the B vitamins, and its effects include weakness, tiredness, problems affecting the nerves, which may cause weakness, numbness or other effects in the limbs, and, in some forms, effects on the heart, so that it can become a serious disease if the deficiency is severe and prolonged. Beriberi was in the past a common problem in certain regions and among certain populations whose diet was lacking in this vitamin, particularly where the main food was a grain that had been processed in a way that removed the part containing the vitamin. The B vitamins are found in a variety of foods, including whole grains, certain meats, beans and other foods, so that a varied diet including such foods provides the B vitamins that the body needs and prevents the deficiency diseases. The discovery of the causes of diseases such as beriberi, and the understanding that they were caused by the lack of certain substances in the diet, was an important development in the understanding of nutrition and health. The study of the vitamins, their functions and the diseases caused by their lack is a common and important topic. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the deficiency of vitamin B, in particular one of the vitamins of the B group, causes the disease beriberi, that the B vitamins are important for the processes by which the body obtains energy from food and for the working of the nervous system, that beriberi causes weakness, tiredness and problems affecting the nerves, and in some forms the heart, and that the B vitamins are found in foods such as whole grains, certain meats and beans. This is a health-related topic, and anyone with concerns about their health should seek advice from a qualified medical professional.

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The heaviest naturally occurring element is?

• A. Gold

• B. Uranium

• C. Lead

• D. Iron

Correct Answer Is Option = Uranium

Notes / Explanation

The heaviest naturally occurring element is uranium, which has the heaviest atoms of all the elements that are found in significant amounts in nature. The chemical elements differ in the mass of their atoms, and they are arranged in order according to their atomic number, which increases from the lightest element to the heaviest. Among the elements that occur naturally in significant amounts, uranium is the heaviest, having the highest atomic number of the naturally occurring elements, so that its atoms are the heaviest. Uranium is a metal, and it is notable above all for being radioactive, meaning that its atoms are unstable and break down over time, giving off radiation and energy in the process. This property of radioactivity makes uranium a very important element, for the energy that can be released from the breaking down of its atoms is enormous, and uranium is used as the fuel in nuclear power stations, where the energy released from its atoms is used to generate electricity, and it has also been used in the making of extremely powerful weapons. The energy locked within the atoms of uranium is far greater, for a given amount, than the energy that can be obtained from ordinary fuels, which is why nuclear energy is so powerful. However, the radioactivity of uranium also makes it dangerous, for the radiation it gives off is harmful to living things, so that it must be handled with great care and its use is carefully controlled. Beyond uranium, there are elements that are heavier still, but these do not occur naturally in significant amounts and are instead made artificially in laboratories, and they are generally very unstable, so that uranium is regarded as the heaviest of the naturally occurring elements. The study of the elements, including the heaviest, and their properties, such as the radioactivity of uranium, is a part of chemistry. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the heaviest naturally occurring element is uranium, that it has the heaviest atoms of the elements found in significant amounts in nature, that it is a radioactive metal, meaning that its atoms are unstable and break down, giving off radiation and energy, and that because of the enormous energy that can be released from its atoms it is used as the fuel in nuclear power stations, though its radioactivity also makes it dangerous and requires that it be handled with great care.

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The chemical symbol for helium is?

• A. H

• B. He

• C. Hl

• D. Hm

Correct Answer Is Option = He

Notes / Explanation

The chemical symbol for helium is He, which is the short form used to represent this element in chemistry. In chemistry, each element is given a chemical symbol, which is a short form, usually consisting of one or two letters, used to represent the element in writing and in chemical formulas. The symbol for helium is He, made up of the first two letters of its name. Helium is a very light gas, being the second lightest of all the elements, after hydrogen, and it has a number of interesting and useful properties. It is a gas that has no colour, no smell and no taste, and it is very light, though not quite as light as hydrogen. One of the most important features of helium is that it is a very unreactive gas, meaning that it does not readily combine or react with other substances, and, unlike hydrogen, it does not burn, so that it is safe in this respect. Because it is very light and yet safe, being non-flammable, helium is used to fill balloons and airships to make them rise, being a safer alternative to the flammable hydrogen for this purpose, so that the balloons that float in the air are usually filled with helium. Helium is also used for a number of other purposes, including certain scientific and industrial applications, some of which make use of its properties at very low temperatures, for helium can be made extremely cold and is used in certain applications requiring very low temperatures. Helium is found in certain natural gas deposits, from which it is obtained. It is also present in the Sun and stars, where it is formed, and indeed it was first detected in the Sun before it was found on the Earth, which is reflected in its name, connected with the Sun. The study of the elements, their symbols and their properties is a fundamental part of chemistry. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the chemical symbol for helium is He, that a chemical symbol is a short form used to represent an element, that helium is a very light gas, the second lightest of the elements after hydrogen, that is colourless, odourless, unreactive and non-flammable, and that because it is light and yet safe, it is used to fill balloons and airships, as well as having other scientific and industrial uses.

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