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Which Surah of the Holy Quran is known as 'Ummul Kitab' (the Mother of the Book)?
A. Surah Al-Baqarah
B. Surah Al-Fatiha
C. Surah Yaseen
D. Surah Al-Ikhlas
Correct Answer Is Option = Surah Al-Fatiha
Notes / Explanation
The Surah of the Holy Quran that is known as Ummul Kitab, meaning the Mother of the Book, is Surah Al-Fatiha, the opening chapter of the Quran, which holds a place of the highest importance in the faith and worship of Muslims. Surah Al-Fatiha is a short Surah consisting of seven verses, and it is placed at the very beginning of the Quran, serving as its opening. It is given the title of the Mother of the Book because it is regarded as containing, in a concise form, the essence and the core themes of the entire Quran, so that it acts as a kind of summary or foundation of the whole book, from which its main teachings flow. In its few verses, the Surah expresses praise and gratitude to Allah, the Lord and Sustainer of all the worlds, describes Him as the Most Merciful and the Master of the Day of Judgement, declares the worship of Him alone and the seeking of help from Him alone, and asks for guidance along the straight path, the path of those whom Allah has favoured. In this way the Surah touches upon the central themes of belief in Allah, His attributes, the worship due to Him, the accountability of the Day of Judgement, and the need for divine guidance, which are the great themes of the whole Quran, and this is why it is called the Mother of the Book. Surah Al-Fatiha holds a unique place in the daily life of Muslims because it is recited in every unit of the obligatory prayers, so that a Muslim recites it many times each day, more than any other passage of the Quran, and it is therefore among the most familiar and most frequently repeated of all the chapters. It is also known by other names that reflect its importance and its role, and it is regarded as a supplication and a means of seeking guidance and help from Allah. Its central place in worship and its comprehensive meaning make it one of the most important chapters of the Quran. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the Surah known as Ummul Kitab, the Mother of the Book, is Surah Al-Fatiha, that it is the opening chapter of the Quran consisting of seven verses, that it is given this title because it contains in concise form the essence of the teachings of the whole Quran, and that it is recited in every unit of the daily obligatory prayers.
