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What is the Roman numeral for 11?
A. IX
B. XI
C. IIX
D. VIX
Correct Answer Is Option = XI
Notes / Explanation
The Roman numeral for the number eleven is written as XI, and this provides a good example of the addition rule used in the ancient Roman system of writing numbers. In the Roman system, certain letters stand for particular values, with a letter for one and a letter for ten among the basic letters, and numbers are written by combining these letters according to fixed rules of addition and subtraction. Generally, when a letter of smaller value is placed after a letter of larger or equal value, the values are added together, but when a letter of smaller value is placed before a letter of larger value, the smaller value is subtracted from the larger. The number eleven is written using the addition rule, by placing the letter for one after the letter for ten, so that the one is added to the ten, giving ten plus one, which is eleven, and this is written as XI. This is different from the number nine, which is written by placing the letter for one before the letter for ten, so that the one is subtracted from the ten to give nine; for eleven, the letter for one comes after the letter for ten, so that it is added. Similarly, the number twelve is written by placing the letter for one after the letter for ten twice, giving ten plus two, which is twelve, and the number thirteen by placing the letter for one after the letter for ten three times, giving ten plus three, which is thirteen. In this way the numbers from eleven upward are built up by adding the smaller letters to the ten. Understanding when letters are added and when they are subtracted is important for reading and writing Roman numerals correctly. The Roman numerals survive in many uses today, such as on clocks, in the names of rulers and popes, in the numbering of chapters and events, and in dates on buildings. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the Roman numeral for eleven is XI, that this uses the addition rule by placing the letter for one after the letter for ten so that one is added to ten, that this is different from nine, which places the letter for one before the letter for ten so that it is subtracted, and that the numbers twelve and thirteen are similarly formed by adding one, two or three to the ten.
