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The pigment that gives human blood its red colour is?
A. Melanin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Chlorophyll
D. Keratin
Correct Answer Is Option = Hemoglobin
Notes / Explanation
The pigment that gives human blood its red colour is hemoglobin, a remarkable substance found inside the red blood cells that plays an absolutely vital role in keeping the body alive. Hemoglobin is a complex protein that contains iron, and it is the presence of this iron-containing pigment that is responsible for the characteristic red colour of blood. The primary function of hemoglobin is to carry oxygen from the lungs to all the tissues and organs of the body and to help carry waste carbon dioxide back from the tissues to the lungs so that it can be removed from the body. When a person breathes in, the air enters the lungs, and the oxygen from the air passes into the blood, where it binds to the hemoglobin inside the red blood cells. The blood, now rich in oxygen, is pumped by the heart through the arteries to every part of the body, delivering the oxygen that the cells need in order to produce energy and carry out their functions. Without a sufficient supply of oxygen, the cells of the body cannot survive, which is why hemoglobin is so essential to life. After the oxygen has been delivered, the hemoglobin picks up some of the carbon dioxide produced by the cells and carries it back to the lungs, from where it is breathed out. The colour of the blood actually changes slightly depending on how much oxygen the hemoglobin is carrying, appearing bright red when it is rich in oxygen and a darker shade when much of the oxygen has been released. The amount of hemoglobin in the blood is an important indicator of health, and a shortage of it can lead to a condition in which the body does not receive enough oxygen, causing tiredness, weakness and breathlessness. This shortage is often related to a lack of iron in the diet, because iron is a key component of hemoglobin. Eating foods rich in iron helps the body to produce enough hemoglobin and to maintain healthy blood. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that hemoglobin is the pigment that gives blood its red colour, that it is found in the red blood cells and contains iron, and that its main function is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
