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Who proposed the famous theory of evolution by natural selection?
A. Isaac Newton
B. Charles Darwin
C. Albert Einstein
D. Gregor Mendel
Correct Answer Is Option = Charles Darwin
Notes / Explanation
The famous theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by Charles Darwin, a scientist whose ideas had an enormous influence on the understanding of the living world. The theory of evolution is concerned with the way in which the different kinds of living things have come to be as they are, and it holds that the many different kinds of plants and animals that exist today have developed and changed over very long periods of time from earlier and simpler forms of life, rather than having always existed in their present forms. Darwin proposed an explanation for how this process of change comes about, through a mechanism that he called natural selection. According to this idea, living things vary, so that the individuals of a kind are not all exactly alike, and more individuals are produced than can survive, so that there is a struggle for survival. Those individuals that happen to have features that make them better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and to have offspring, passing on their advantageous features to the next generation, while those less well suited are less likely to survive and reproduce. Over very long periods of time, through the accumulation of such changes, the features of living things gradually change, and new kinds of living things may arise, better suited to their environments. Darwin developed this theory through careful observation and study, including observations made during a long voyage during which he studied the plants, animals and geology of many different places, which gave him a great deal of evidence, and he set out his theory in a famous book. The theory had a profound and far-reaching influence on the science of biology and on the understanding of the living world, providing an explanation for the great variety of living things and for the ways in which they are suited to their environments and related to one another. It was one of the most important and influential scientific ideas ever proposed. The study of the great scientists and their discoveries and ideas is a part of general knowledge. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the famous theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by Charles Darwin, that the theory holds that the different kinds of living things have developed and changed over long periods of time from earlier forms, that natural selection is the process by which individuals better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on their features, and that Darwin developed the theory through careful observation and set it out in a famous book, having a profound influence on the science of biology.
