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Which is the hardest substance in the human body?
A. Bone
B. Tooth enamel
C. Nail
D. Cartilage
Correct Answer Is Option = Tooth enamel
Notes / Explanation
The hardest substance in the human body is tooth enamel, which is the hard outer covering of the teeth, and it is even harder than bone. The teeth are used for biting and chewing food, which requires them to be very hard and strong so that they can cut and grind food without being worn away or damaged, and to make this possible the visible outer surface of each tooth is covered with a layer of enamel, which is the hardest substance produced by the body. This hard enamel forms a protective covering over the softer inner parts of the tooth, allowing the teeth to withstand the forces of biting and chewing and protecting them from wear and damage. The great hardness of the enamel comes from the particular substances of which it is composed, which are packed together in a very dense and hard structure. Because it is so hard, tooth enamel is well suited to its function of protecting the teeth and enabling them to be used for biting and chewing over a lifetime. However, despite its great hardness, tooth enamel can still be damaged and worn away over time, particularly by decay, which is caused when the enamel is attacked and broken down by acids produced by certain substances acting on the sugars and food particles left on the teeth, leading to the formation of cavities. Once the enamel is damaged, it cannot be regrown by the body, unlike some other tissues that can repair themselves, which is why the care and protection of the teeth is so important, through cleaning the teeth to remove food particles and the substances that cause decay, and through a sensible diet. The great hardness of tooth enamel, exceeding even that of bone, is a remarkable feature of the body. The study of the teeth and the substances of the body, including the hardest substance, is a part of the study of the human body and of health. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the hardest substance in the human body is tooth enamel, that it is the hard outer covering of the teeth and is even harder than bone, that its hardness enables the teeth to be used for biting and chewing and protects them from wear, and that although very hard it can be damaged by decay and cannot be regrown by the body, which is why the care of the teeth is important.
