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Which hormone is produced by the pancreas?
A. Adrenaline
B. Insulin
C. Thyroxine
D. Estrogen
Correct Answer Is Option = Insulin
Notes / Explanation
The hormone produced by the pancreas that is most often mentioned is insulin, a substance that plays a vital role in controlling the level of sugar in the blood. The pancreas is an organ situated in the abdomen, and it has two main kinds of function. One of its functions is to produce juices that help in the digestion of food, and the other is to produce certain hormones that are released into the blood and that help to regulate important processes in the body. Among these hormones, insulin is the most well known and one of the most important. The role of insulin is connected with the way the body handles the sugar that is obtained from food. When a person eats, the food is broken down during digestion, and one of the products is a kind of sugar that enters the blood and serves as a source of energy for the cells of the body. However, the cells cannot easily take in and use this sugar without the help of insulin, which acts rather like a key that allows the sugar to pass from the blood into the cells, where it can be used to produce energy or stored for later use. In this way insulin helps to keep the level of sugar in the blood within a healthy range, lowering it when it becomes too high after a meal. If the body does not produce enough insulin, or if the insulin that is produced does not work properly, the sugar cannot be properly used or stored, and it builds up to high levels in the blood, leading to the condition known as diabetes, which can cause serious problems if it is not managed. The discovery of insulin and its role was one of the great advances in medicine, because it made it possible to treat people whose bodies could not produce enough of the hormone. The pancreas also produces another hormone that has the opposite effect of raising blood sugar when it becomes too low, so that the two hormones work together to keep the level balanced. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that the pancreas produces the hormone insulin, that insulin controls the level of sugar in the blood by helping the cells to take in and use sugar, that a lack of properly working insulin leads to the condition known as diabetes, and that the pancreas also produces juices for digestion.
