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What is 30% of 300?
A. 60
B. 90
C. 120
D. 150
Correct Answer Is Option = 90
Notes / Explanation
Thirty per cent of three hundred is ninety, and this calculation provides a good opportunity to understand the idea of percentages, which is one of the most useful concepts in everyday mathematics. The word per cent means for each hundred, so that a percentage is a way of expressing a part of a whole in terms of how many parts there would be for every hundred. When we speak of thirty per cent of a quantity, we mean thirty parts out of every hundred parts of that quantity, and to find thirty per cent of a number we find what thirty parts out of every hundred of that number comes to. There are several ways to work out thirty per cent of three hundred. One straightforward method is to recognise that ten per cent of a number is found by taking a tenth of it, so that ten per cent of three hundred is thirty, and since thirty per cent is three times ten per cent, thirty per cent of three hundred is three times thirty, which is ninety. Another method is to turn the percentage into a fraction or a decimal and multiply, so that thirty per cent, meaning thirty out of a hundred, can be written as a decimal and multiplied by three hundred to give ninety. Both methods give the same answer of ninety. Percentages are extremely useful in a great many practical situations in everyday life. They are used to express discounts and increases in prices, so that a customer can work out how much is saved in a sale; they are used in the calculation of interest on money that is saved or borrowed; they are used to express marks and results in examinations; and they are used in describing proportions and changes of all kinds, such as the percentage of a population, the percentage increase or decrease in a quantity, and so on. Because percentages are so widely used, the ability to calculate them quickly and accurately is a very valuable skill, and questions involving percentages are very common in examinations. Understanding the meaning of a percentage and knowing simple methods for calculating percentages, such as finding ten per cent first and then building up from it, make such calculations quick and easy. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that thirty per cent of three hundred is ninety, that per cent means for each hundred, that a percentage of a number can be found by first finding ten per cent and then building up, or by turning the percentage into a decimal and multiplying, and that percentages are widely used in everyday life for discounts, interest, marks and proportions.
