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What is 13 multiplied by 13?
A. 159
B. 169
C. 149
D. 179
Correct Answer Is Option = 169
Notes / Explanation
When the number thirteen is multiplied by thirteen, the result is one hundred and sixty-nine, and this calculation, which is an example of a number multiplied by itself, provides a good opportunity to reflect on multiplication and on the idea of a square number. When a number is multiplied by itself, the result is called the square of that number, so that one hundred and sixty-nine is the square of thirteen, and multiplying thirteen by thirteen is the same as squaring thirteen. Such calculations appear frequently in mathematics, for example in problems involving areas, since the area of a square shape is found by multiplying the length of its side by itself. There are several ways to work out this particular multiplication. One helpful method is to break the calculation into simpler parts. Since thirteen is equal to ten plus three, multiplying thirteen by thirteen can be carried out by multiplying each part of one thirteen by each part of the other and adding the results together, which involves multiplying ten by ten to give one hundred, multiplying ten by three twice to give a total of sixty, and multiplying three by three to give nine, and then adding these together, one hundred plus sixty plus nine, which gives one hundred and sixty-nine. This method of breaking a multiplication into easier parts is a useful technique that can be applied to many calculations. Another way to work it out is to build up from a known fact, for example by recalling that thirteen multiplied by ten is one hundred and thirty, and then adding three more thirteens, that is thirty-nine, to give one hundred and sixty-nine. A good command of multiplication and of methods for working out such calculations is very useful, both for solving problems in mathematics and for dealing with many practical situations. Knowing the squares of numbers, at least up to a certain point, is also useful, since square numbers appear often in mathematics. Questions testing the ability to carry out such calculations are common in examinations. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key points to remember are that thirteen multiplied by thirteen equals one hundred and sixty-nine, that a number multiplied by itself gives its square, so that one hundred and sixty-nine is the square of thirteen, that such a multiplication can be worked out by breaking it into easier parts, such as ten plus three, or by building up from a related known fact.
