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The Simon Commission was appointed in which year?
A. 1919
B. 1927
C. 1930
D. 1935
Correct Answer Is Option = 1927
Notes / Explanation
The Simon Commission was appointed in 1927 by the British government to review the working of the constitutional reforms that had been introduced under the Government of India Act of 1919 and to recommend further changes. The commission was headed by Sir John Simon, a British politician, and consisted entirely of British members of parliament. This composition became the central reason for the strong opposition that the commission faced throughout the subcontinent. Because not a single Indian was included among its members, people across the political spectrum felt deeply insulted, arguing that a body deciding the political future of the subcontinent had no representative from the very people whose fate it would determine. As a result, when the commission arrived to begin its work, it was met with widespread protests, black flag demonstrations and the famous slogan demanding that it go back. The boycott of the commission was one of the rare moments when different political groups, despite their differences, expressed a common sense of resentment against the exclusion of local representation. The Muslim League itself was divided in its response, with one faction choosing to boycott the commission and another, led by certain leaders, deciding to cooperate with it in the hope of safeguarding Muslim interests. The activities surrounding the Simon Commission had important indirect effects on the constitutional debate. The British challenge to the political parties to produce their own agreed constitutional proposals led directly to the drafting of the Nehru Report, which in turn provoked a strong Muslim reaction because it ignored key Muslim demands. This reaction prompted the Quaid-e-Azam to present his famous Fourteen Points as the minimum demands of the Muslim community. In this way the Simon Commission, although rejected by most political forces, became an important link in the chain of events that sharpened the differences between communities and pushed the Muslim leadership towards the demand for clear constitutional safeguards. For PPSC and other competitive examinations, the key facts to remember are the year of appointment, the all-British composition of the commission that caused the boycott, the leadership of Sir John Simon, and the connection between the commission and the later Nehru Report and Fourteen Points.
